Maharaja Ram Singh of Marwar (r. 1730-1772) sits holding the long winding stem of a huqqah.  This very formal presentation portrait depicts the ruler nimbate wearing a long accordion-pleated saffron jama with a tall brilliant red pagri (turban), containing gold and jeweled ornaments and a sarpech.  On a terrace beneath a metal-posted canopy, against a flat green background - all on a magnificent vermillion red carpet.

Likely by a Bikaner artist working at Jodhpur.  A very relatable portrait probably by the same artist or atelier, identified as Maharaja Surat Singh, is in the collection of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford University, depicting Surat Singh gre💫eting his son and successor Ratan Singh (r. 1828-51), in the presence of two attendants - the raja seated on a nearly identical lion-armed metal chair like the one shown in our painting Ashmolean Museum accession no. EA1990.1285.

For an equestrian portrait of the ruler, refer to Victoria and Albert Museum London (accessi💧on no. S.281-1951).