- 16
Planche votive Gope, Golfe de Papouasie, Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée
Description
- wood, pigments
- haut. 137 cm ; 53 7/8 in
Provenance
Collection John et Marcia Friede, New York
Collection Tomkins, New York (inv. n° TC 570)
Literature
Catalogue Note
« Chaque planche portait un nom qui est celui de l'imunu, l'esprit, qui pouvait y résider. [...] Ces imunu habitaient dans les différents lieux autour du village - forêt, trou d'eau dans la rivière, voire dans la mer - et étaient au centre du système religieux : ils protégeaient une famille, assuraient son bien-être et sa survie. Ils accompagnaient et protégeaient les hommes dans leurs différentes actions » (Peltier in Eclectique. Une collection du XXIe siècle, 2016, p. 148).
Par l'ampleur du cadre, la dynamique des motifs et le génie dans l'interprétation centrale de la figure humaine, cette planche gope prꦫoduit un impact visuel saisissant. La représentation de l'être-esprit, résumé à ses yeux, son nez, sa bouche et son nombril - élément par lequel la figure s'anime - est transcendée par la superbe polychromie composée d'aplats ocres et blanc. A l'inventivité figurative répondent l'épaisseur de la planche sculptée à l'outil de pierre et la belle patine d'usage qu𝓀i affirment la très grande ancienneté de cette création.
In the late 1960s, German biologist Thomas Schultze-Westrum followed the route of the first expeditions to the Gulf of Papua - which first were led by Australian explorer Frank Hurley (mid-1920s), and later by American journalist John W. Vandercook (1936). There Schultze-Westrum collected several works of art, many of which - including this gope board - went on🐻 to form the core of the Jolika collection, an ensemble devoted to the art of New Guinea assembled by John and Marcia Friede, most of which is now in the de Young Museum in San Francisco. This votive board, photographed in 1966 in the village of Meagoma by Schultze-Westrum, is a paragon of the inventiveness of the Papuan artists, both in the material and immaterial interpretation of their beliefs.
"Each board bore a name which was that of the imunu, the spirit, who could reside within. [...] These imunu lived in various places around the village - in the forest, in water holes in the river, or even in the sea - and were at the heart of the religious system: they protected a family, ensured its well-being and its survival. They accompanied and protected men in their different actions" (Peltier in Eclectique. Une collection du XXIe siècle, 2016, p. 148).
Through the sheer scale of its framework, the dynamics of the patterns, and the exquisite skill apparent in the central interpretation of the human figure, this gope board produces a striking visual impact. The representation of the spirit-being, pared down to its eyes, nose, mouth and navel - this last detail bringing the whole figure alive - is transcended by🅰 the superb polychromy of ochre and white tints. The figurative inventiveness is compounded by the thickness of the board stone carved and the beautiful ꦑpatina, which both attest to the great age of this creation.
Gope spirit board, Papuan Gulf, Papua New Guinea