- 67
Masque, Baga, Guinée
Description
- wood
- haut. 90 cm ; 35 1/2 in
Provenance
Sotheby's, Paris, 12 décembre 2012, n° 54
Collection privée, Bruxelles, acquis lors de cette vente
Literature
Catalogue Note
Ce monumental masque-heaume se distingue des « classiques » masques banda par la stylisation radicale des formes. Pour autant, il en offre la même complexité iconographique dans l'association des forces qui régissent l'univers de la pensée Baga, ici symbolisées par l'imposante mâchoire de crocodile, les cornes aux extrémités enroulées et les traits anthropomorphes du visage. Dans sa monographie consacrée à l'art des Baga, Frederick Lamp publie une photographie prise en 1947, « probablement dans le sud du pays Baga », où apparaît un masque stylistiquement apparenté, décrit comme « cimier non identifié » (Lamp, Art of the Baga, 1996, p. 170). Tandis que la patine et les différentes épaisseurs de polychromie attestent d'un usage répété, cet ancien masque impose, dans l'abstraction moderniste des formes et celle du décor pictural, l'individualité artistique de son auteur.
On the eve of independence in Africa, European dealers and brokers began to travel across the African continent in search of objects. It was at this time that certain great collectors emerged. Maurice Nicaud was one of the most enlightened among them. Before opening a gallery in Paris (from 1965 to 1975) he travelled West Africa as a trader, acquiring a set of major pieces in the early 1950s, a number of which came from Baga country. Several of them were reproduced in L'Art Nègre - the 1967 reference publication by Pierre Meauzé, who was the curator of the Museum of African and Oceanic Arts in Paris at the time. They were published either under his name, as was the case for the "Nimba Goddess", or under the naꦐme of a friend (Clamagirand), as for the present mask.
This monumental helmet-mask stands apart from "classic" banda masks in the radical stylization of its forms. Yet it offers the same complex iconography, combining the forces that govern the universe of the Baga thought system which is symbolised here by the massive jaws of a crocodile, the horns with their curled ends, and the anthropomorphic facial features. In his monograph dedicated to the art of the Baga, Frederick Lamp published a photograph taken in 1947, "probably in southern Baga country", where a stylistically related mask is described as an "unidentified headdress" (Lamp, Art of the Baga, 1996, p. 170). Whilst the patina and varying thickness of the polychromy attests to its repeated use, 🤡this antique mask stands out for the artistic individuality of its creator apparent in the modernist abstraction of its forms and its pictorial décor.
Baga mask, Guinea