the five forms of Pehar Gyalpo and their attendants, together with assemblies of monks and warriors and demons, and with Padmasambhava above Himalayan Art Resources item no. 18370.

Gyajin riding the elephant is the prominent form of Pehar featured in this thangka. The deity represents the mind aspect of Pehar. As a non-Tibetan spirit, Pehar was subjugated into the service of Buddhism by Padmasambhava. The five Pehar protectors were originally from the terma tradition of the Nyingmapa school, but were incorporated into the Gelug pantheon at the time of the Fifth Dalai Lama (1617-1682).