The Ahrens Company was one of many companies set up under the new Meiji government’s programme whereby western specialists were invited to Japan to help modernise the country’s existing industries. Their chief technologist was the German chemist Gottfried Wagener🔴 (1831–92). Wagener, an expert on glazes and firing techniques, is renowned for having introduced modern European enamelling technology to Japan.

In 1878 Wagener moved to Kyoto where he met the former samurai turned cloisonné artist Namikawa Yasuyuki (1845-1927). Yasuyuki began his career around 1868 and worked with the Kyoto Shippo Kaisha from 1871 to 1874. Although it is not clear how Wagener and Yasuyuki met, there is no doubt that they collaborated and that the most significant result of their collaboration was the creatﷺion of the superb semi-transparent m🐓irror-black enamel that was to become the hallmark of much of Yasuyuki’s subsequent work.

Yasuyuki’s cloisonné enamels are characterised by the skilful use of intricate wirework and superb attention to detail. T𓄧he designs on his earlier pieces are relatively traditioඣnal, consisting mainly of stylised botanical and formal geometric motifs. The designs on much of his later work tends to be more pictorial, consisting mainly of scenes from nature and views of landmarks in and around Kyoto. His work included both pieces with designs predominantly defined by wires and pieces where the pictorial composition is balanced by large areas of pure coloured enamel.