喜瑪拉雅藝術資源網編號13444

香港家適公司，約1990年

There is oxidisation to the surface of the figure, but overall the gilding is well preserved. The head appears to have been broken off and refixed, or possibly associated. There are breaks at the lower arms. The base is associated.
"In response to your inquiry, we are pleased to provide you with a general report of the condition of the property described above. Since we are not professional conservators or restorers, we urge you to consult with a restorer or conservator of your choice who will be better able to provide a detailed, professional report. Prospective buyers should inspect each lot to satisfy themselves as to condition and must understand that any statement made by Sotheby's is merely a subjective, qualified opinion. Prospective buyers should also refer to any Important Notices regarding this sale, which are printed in the Sale Catalogue.
NOTWITHSTANDING THIS REPORT OR ANY DISCUSSIONS CONCERNING A LOT, ALL LOTS ARE OFFERED AND SOLD AS IS" IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE CONDITIONS OF BUSINESS PRINTED IN THE SALE CATALOGUE."

大威德金剛，乃大智文殊菩薩之忿怒相，與其明妃金剛露漩結合，造像精細複雜，莊嚴威武。頭上牛首高聳，碩大兇猛，怒髮上衝，盤為粗索，大如其身，尤見矚目。牛首後方，圍繞六忿怒人面。六面之頂，又見一忿怒人面與文殊菩薩忿怒相。

大威德金剛，亦稱怖畏金剛，意為勝伏死主，消愚昧，除恐懼，乃藏傳佛教格魯派密宗所修本尊🍌之一。此派由宗喀巴大師（1357-1419年）創立，後由清༒廷確立尊崇。明代君主對格魯派已愈加重視。十七世紀中葉以來，格魯派歷代以達賴喇嘛為首，成為西藏教權之主流，亦為中國唯一傳承的藏傳佛教宗派。

歷朝君主與宗喀巴大♒師，被視為文殊菩薩化身，大威德金剛因而備受尊崇，威震中國。清代皇帝大興格魯派，冊封達賴與班禪，於京城修建大量寺廟。大威德金剛，文殊菩薩威德至上之相，代表至尊皇權。此像大氣凜然，執掌聖訓，象徵覺༒悟佛法之最高境界。

金剛露漩之三環串珠腰帶與短腰布，可與一例比較，十八🍒世紀本尊及明妃銅像，售於倫敦佳士得，2012年11月6日，編號94。