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我們很高興為您提供上述拍品狀況報告。由於敝公司非專業修復人員，在此敦促您徵詢其他專業修復人員，以獲得更詳盡、專業之報告。

準買家應該檢查每件拍品以確認其狀況，蘇富比所作的任何陳述均為主觀看法而非事實陳述。雖然本狀況報告或有針對某拍品之討論，但所有拍賣品均根據印於圖錄內之業務規則以拍賣時狀況出售。

Compare the elaborate lotus petal design, the scrolling vine motif on the upper surface of the lotus pedestal and the red flame tips against a scrollwork halo of a Mahavajrabhairava mandala in the Pritzker Collection dating to the second half of the fourteenth century, see Steven M. Kossak and Jane Casey Singer, Sacred Visions: Early Paintings from Central Tibet, New York, 1998, p. 159, cat. no. 44.

Compare also the tall crown and the compact and monumental form of a circa 1500 Mahakala formerly in the Zimmerman Family Collection, see Pratapaditya Pal, Art of the Himalayas: Treasures from Nepal and Tibet, New York, 1991, p. 161, cat. no. 93. Compare the simple format of the painting with four attendant deities placed in the corners, and a patterned border, with a fifteenth century Tibeto-Chinese Panjaranata Mahakala in the Museum of Fine Arts Boston, see Rob Linrothe and Jeff Watt, Demonic Divine: Himalayan Art and Beyond൲, New York and Chicago, 2004, p. 64, fig. 2.16. The border design of the present exam💮ple is based on classic early Ming motifs.

The rare and unusual painting would seem to date to the period between the second half of the fourteenth century of the Pritzker Mahavajrabhairava mandala and the circa 1500 date of Zimmerman Mahakala, perhaps around the middle of the fifteenth century. Panjaranata Mahakala is the wrathful emanation of Shri Hevajra who is depicted at the top of the painting, and is protector of the Hevajra tantras that are particularly popular with the Sakya order. It is possible that the painting was commissioned for a Sakya patron. For a comprehensive discourse on the meaning and function of this form of Mahakala, see Jeff Watt, Himalayan Art Resources, Panjarnata.